THERAPEUTIC TARGET OF PHOSPHOTIDYL INOSITOL 3 KINASE IN VARIOUS DISEASE AND DISORDERS

Abstract

The Phosphogtidyl Inositol 3 kinase belongs to the lipid kinase family. Its major role is in phosphorylation of various cell functions. PI3Ks has three different classes with different activities. Major classes are class I, class II and class III. PI3K has multiple cell functions like growth, proliferation, differentiation, motility and survival. PI3 kinase has a major role in breast cancer, viral infection, thyroid cancer, inflammation, alzheimer disease, and parkinson disease. In breast cancer and most of other cancer's, isoform p110α is mutated. This mutation causes the kinase to be active. Both upstream and downstream PI3 kinase pathway has a potential target for drug development in cancer. Phosphatidylinositide 3- kinases (PI3-K) phosphorylate the third hydroxyl position of the inositide head of phosphoinositide lipids, phosphatidylinositide (PtdIns), phosphatidylinositol (3)-phosphate (Ptdlns(4) P) and phosphatidylinositol (4,5)- bisphosphate (Ptdlns(4,5) P2). Different examples of PI3 kinase inhibitors are wortmannin, quercetin, LY-294002, BKM 120, GDC- 0941 of which many are in the phase 1 clinical trials. It also plays an important role in viral infection. Porcine circovirus type 2 infections are the main reason for the apoptosis both in vitro as well as in vivo and inhibition of PI3K can be useful treatment for that.